Engineering hardware interlocks to protect deep-brain stimulation (DBS) and responsive neurostimulation (RNS) systems.
Closed-loop neurostimulators read local field potentials and deliver electrical current pulses to suppress Parkinsonian tremors or epileptic seizures. An attacker capable of injecting forged stimulation parameters could induce severe seizures, sensory distortion, or irreversible cortical tissue damage. NeuroHSM places dedicated analog and digital limiters between the processor and the analog current DACs.
The hardware safety unit calculates the Shannon charge density per phase equation ($k = \log(D) + \log(Q)$) before every pulse train, physically disconnecting stimulation electrodes if parameters exceed conservative safe tissue thresholds ($k < 1.75$).